free-20230930

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UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

(Mark One)


☒			QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended September 30, 2023


☐			TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from to

Commission File No. 001-38880


Whole Earth Brands, Inc.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Delaware (State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)						38-4101973 (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)
125 S. Wacker Drive, Suite 1250 Chicago, Illinois						60606
(Address of Principal Executive Offices)						(Zip Code)


(312) 840-6000
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of each class

Trading Symbol(s)

Name of each exchange on which
registered

Common stock, par value $0.0001 per share

FREE

The NASDAQ Stock Market LLC

Warrants to purchase one-half of one share of common stock

FREEW

The NASDAQ Stock Market LLC

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§ 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer

☐

Accelerated filer

☒

Non-accelerated filer

☐

Smaller reporting company

☐

Emerging growth company

☒

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act): Yes ☐ No ☒

As of November 8, 2023, there were 42,850,915 shares of the registrant’s common stock, par value $0.0001 per share, issued and outstanding.

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WHOLE EARTH BRANDS, INC.

Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q

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		Page
PART I - FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1.	Financial Statements	3
Item 2.	Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	22
Item 3.	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk	30
Item 4.	Controls and Procedures	31
PART II - OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1.	Legal Proceedings	31
Item 1A.	Risk Factors	31
Item 2.	Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds	31
Item 3.	Defaults Upon Senior Securities	31
Item 4.	Mine Safety Disclosures	32
Item 5.	Other Information	32
Item 6.	Exhibits	32
Signatures		33

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PART I - FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1. Financial Statements.

Whole Earth Brands, Inc.

Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

For the Quarter Ended September 30, 2023


Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets			4

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations			5

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss)			6

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Equity			7

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows			9

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements			10
Note 1: Basis of Presentation and Significant Accounting Policies			10
Note 2: Business Combination			12
Note 3: Inventories			12
Note 4: Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets			13
Note 5: Debt			14
Note 6: Warrants			15
Note 7: Fair Value Measurements			15
Note 8: Commitments and Contingencies			16
Note 9: Income Taxes			16
Note 10: Stock-Based Compensation			17
Note 11: Earnings Per Share			19
Note 12: Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)			20
Note 13: Related Party Transactions			20
Note 14: Business Segments			21

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Whole Earth Brands, Inc.
Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets
(In thousands of dollars, except for share and per share data)
(Unaudited)

	September 30, 2023		December 31, 2022
Assets
Current Assets
Cash and cash equivalents	$	24,249	$	28,676
Accounts receivable (net of allowances of $1,185 and $1,614, respectively)	68,181		66,653
Inventories	216,803		218,975
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	5,624		10,530
Total current assets	314,857		324,834

Property, Plant and Equipment, net	54,630		58,092

Other Assets
Operating lease right-of-use assets	21,233		18,238
Goodwill	192,506		193,139
Other intangible assets, net	231,189		245,376
Deferred tax assets, net	490		539
Other assets	10,486		8,785
Total Assets	$	825,391	$	849,003

Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity
Current Liabilities
Accounts payable	$	51,201	$	47,002
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities	30,327		27,488
Current portion of operating lease liabilities	8,414		8,804
Current portion of long-term debt	3,750		3,750
Total current liabilities	93,692		87,044
Non-Current Liabilities
Long-term debt	424,480		432,172
Deferred tax liabilities, net	33,466		32,585
Operating lease liabilities, less current portion	15,883		12,664
Other liabilities	10,192		9,987
Total Liabilities	577,713		574,452
Commitments and Contingencies (Note 8)	—		—
Stockholders’ Equity
Preferred shares, $0.0001 par value; 1,000,000 shares authorized; none issued and outstanding at September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022	—		—
Common stock, $0.0001 par value; 220,000,000 shares authorized; 42,797,861 and 41,994,355 shares issued and outstanding at September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively	4		4
Additional paid-in capital	366,313		360,777
Accumulated deficit	(115,932)		(85,188)
Accumulated other comprehensive loss	(2,707)		(1,042)
Total stockholders’ equity	247,678		274,551
Total Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity	$	825,391	$	849,003

See Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

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Whole Earth Brands, Inc.
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations
(In thousands of dollars, except for share and per share data)
(Unaudited)

	Three Months Ended				Nine Months Ended
	September 30, 2023		September 30, 2022		September 30, 2023		September 30, 2022
Product revenues, net	$	134,430	$	135,280	$	399,749	$	399,375
Cost of goods sold	96,902		100,263		296,500		287,486
Gross profit	37,528		35,017		103,249		111,889

Selling, general and administrative expenses	26,226		23,566		76,549		76,314
Amortization of intangible assets	4,641		4,629		13,989		13,998



Operating income	6,661		6,822		12,711		21,577

Interest expense, net	(11,117)		(8,214)		(32,884)		(20,674)
Other (expense) income, net	(448)		278		(1,333)		3,985
(Loss) income before income taxes	(4,904)		(1,114)		(21,506)		4,888
Provision for income taxes	526		1,407		9,238		3,357
Net (loss) income	$	(5,430)	$	(2,521)	$	(30,744)	$	1,531

Net (loss) earnings per share:
Basic	$	(0.13)	$	(0.06)	$	(0.73)	$	0.04
Diluted	$	(0.13)	$	(0.06)	$	(0.73)	$	0.04

See Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

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Whole Earth Brands, Inc.
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss)
(In thousands of dollars)
(Unaudited)

	Three Months Ended				Nine Months Ended
	September 30, 2023		September 30, 2022		September 30, 2023		September 30, 2022
Net (loss) income	$	(5,430)	$	(2,521)	$	(30,744)	$	1,531
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax:
Net change in pension benefit obligations recognized, net of taxes of $(4), $(63), $(12) and $(129), respectively	(12)		21		(35)		(186)
Unrealized gains and losses on cash flow hedges, net of taxes of $383, $0, $602 and $0, respectively	1,149		—		1,804		—
Gains and losses on cash flow hedges reclassified to net income, net of taxes of $(113), $0, $(113), and $0, respectively	(339)		—		(339)		—
Foreign currency translation adjustments	(5,140)		(13,522)		(3,095)		(30,373)
Total other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax	(4,342)		(13,501)		(1,665)		(30,559)
Comprehensive loss	$	(9,772)	$	(16,022)	$	(32,409)	$	(29,028)

See Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

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Whole Earth Brands, Inc.
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Equity
(In thousands of dollars)
(Unaudited)

	Common Stock			Additional Paid-in		Accumulated		Accumulated Other Comprehensive		Total Stockholders’
	Shares	Amount		Capital		Deficit		Income (Loss)		Equity
Balance at December 31, 2021	38,871,646	$	4	$	330,616	$	(26,436)	$	9,687	$	313,871

Transfer of Private Warrants to Public Warrants	—	—		605		—		—		605
Net income	—	—		—		2,726		—		2,726
Other comprehensive loss, net of tax	—	—		—		—		(2,227)		(2,227)
Stock-based compensation	—	—		1,354		—		—		1,354
Net share settlements of stock-based awards	146,444	—		(291)		—		—		(291)
Shares issued for payment of contingent consideration	2,659,574	—		23,936		—		—		23,936
Balance at March 31, 2022	41,677,664	4		356,220		(23,710)		7,460		339,974
Net income	—	—		—		1,326		—		1,326
Other comprehensive loss, net of tax	—	—		—		—		(14,831)		(14,831)
Stock-based compensation	—	—		1,564		—		—		1,564
Net share settlements of stock-based awards	92,253	—		(91)		—		—		(91)
Net share settlements under management bonus plan	203,763	—		1,402		—		—		1,402
Balance at June 30, 2022	41,973,680	4		359,095		(22,384)		(7,371)		329,344

Net loss	—	—		—		(2,521)		—		(2,521)
Other comprehensive loss, net of tax	—	—		—		—		(13,501)		(13,501)

Stock-based compensation	—	—		1,743		—		—		1,743
Net share settlements of stock-based awards	4,134	—		(12)		—		—		(12)
Balance at September 30, 2022	41,977,814	$	4	$	360,826	$	(24,905)	$	(20,872)	$	315,053

See Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

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Whole Earth Brands, Inc.
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Equity (Continued)
(In thousands of dollars)
(Unaudited)

	Common Stock			Additional Paid-in		Accumulated		Accumulated Other Comprehensive		Total Stockholders’
	Shares	Amount		Capital		Deficit		Income (Loss)		Equity
Balance at December 31, 2022	41,994,355	$	4	$	360,777	$	(85,188)	$	(1,042)	$	274,551

Net loss	—	—		—		(19,797)		—		(19,797)
Other comprehensive income, net of tax	—	—		—		—		4,404		4,404

Stock-based compensation	—	—		1,792		—		—		1,792
Net share settlements of stock-based awards	250,611	—		(405)		—		—		(405)
Balance at March 31, 2023	42,244,966	4		362,164		(104,985)		3,362		260,545

Net loss	—	—		—		(5,517)		—		(5,517)
Other comprehensive loss, net of tax	—	—		—		—		(1,727)		(1,727)

Stock-based compensation	—	—		2,883		—		—		2,883
Net share settlements of stock-based awards	217,929	—		(349)		—		—		(349)
Balance at June 30, 2023	42,462,895	4		364,698		(110,502)		1,635		255,835
Transfer of Private Warrants to Public Warrants	—	—		133		—		—		133
Net loss	—	—		—		(5,430)		—		(5,430)
Other comprehensive loss, net of tax	—	—		—		—		(4,342)		(4,342)

Stock-based compensation	—	—		2,172		—		—		2,172
Net share settlements of stock-based awards	334,966	—		(690)		—		—		(690)
Balance at September 30, 2023	42,797,861	$	4	$	366,313	$	(115,932)	$	(2,707)	$	247,678

See Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

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Whole Earth Brands, Inc.
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
(In thousands of dollars)
(Unaudited)

	Nine Months Ended
	September 30, 2023		September 30, 2022
Operating activities
Net (loss) income	$	(30,744)	$	1,531
Adjustments to reconcile net (loss) income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Stock-based compensation	7,340		4,957
Depreciation	5,038		4,324
Amortization of intangible assets	13,989		13,998
Deferred income taxes	686		(4,586)

Amortization of inventory fair value adjustments	—		(2,537)
Amortization of debt issuance costs and original issue discount	1,664		1,450
Change in fair value of warrant liabilities	(75)		(1,240)
Changes in current assets and liabilities:
Accounts receivable	(1,733)		(3,746)
Inventories	952		(20,926)
Prepaid expenses and other current assets	1,348		(1,972)
Accounts payable, accrued liabilities and income taxes	10,972		(5,196)
Other, net	1,178		(3,321)
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities	10,615		(17,264)

Investing activities
Capital expenditures	(4,112)		(6,947)
Proceeds from the sale of fixed assets	18		50
Net cash used in investing activities	(4,094)		(6,897)

Financing activities
Proceeds from revolving credit facility	—		54,000
Repayments of revolving credit facility	(6,000)		—
Repayments of long-term borrowings	(2,813)		(2,812)
Debt issuance costs	(447)		(682)
Payment of contingent consideration	—		(29,108)

Tax withholdings related to net share settlements of stock awards	(1,444)		(874)
Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities	(10,704)		20,524

Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents	(244)		(3,813)
Net change in cash and cash equivalents	(4,427)		(7,450)
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period	28,676		28,296
Cash and cash equivalents, end of period	$	24,249	$	20,846

Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information
Interest paid	$	31,323	$	19,161
Taxes paid, net of refunds	$	3,844	$	7,510

See Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

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Whole Earth Brands, Inc.

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

NOTE 1: BASIS OF PRESENTATION AND SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

Whole Earth Brands, Inc. and its consolidated subsidiaries (“Whole Earth Brands” or the “Company”) is a global industry-leading platform, focused on the “better for you” consumer packaged goods (“CPG”) and ingredients space. The Company has a global platform of branded products and ingredients, focused on the consumer transition towards natural alternatives and clean label products.

On June 24, 2020, Act II Global Acquisition Corp., a Cayman Islands exempted company (“Act II”), domesticated into a Delaware corporation (the “Domestication”), and on June 25, 2020 (the “Closing”), consummated the indirect acquisition (the “Business Combination”) of (i) all of the issued and outstanding equity interests of Merisant Company (“Merisant”), Merisant Luxembourg Sarl (“Merisant Luxembourg”), Mafco Worldwide LLC (“Mafco Worldwide”), Mafco Shanghai LLC (“Mafco Shanghai”), EVD Holdings LLC (“EVD Holdings”), and Mafco Deutschland GmbH (together with Merisant, Merisant Luxembourg, Mafco Worldwide, Mafco Shanghai, and EVD Holdings, and their respective direct and indirect subsidiaries, “Merisant and Mafco Worldwide”), and (ii) certain assets and liabilities of Merisant and Mafco Worldwide included in the Transferred Assets and Liabilities (as defined in the Purchase Agreement (as hereafter defined)), from Flavors Holdings Inc. (“Flavors Holdings”), MW Holdings I LLC (“MW Holdings I”), MW Holdings III LLC (“MW Holdings III”), and Mafco Foreign Holdings, Inc. (“Mafco Foreign Holdings,” and together with Flavors Holdings, MW Holdings I, and MW Holdings III, the “Sellers”), pursuant to that certain Purchase Agreement (the “Purchase Agreement”) entered into by and among Act II and the Sellers dated as of December 19, 2019, as amended. In connection with the Domestication, Act II changed its name to “Whole Earth Brands, Inc.”

Upon the completion of the Domestication, each of Act II’s then-issued and outstanding ordinary shares converted, on a one-for-one basis, into shares of common stock of Whole Earth Brands. Additionally, immediately after the Business Combination, the Company issued an aggregate of 7,500,000 shares of Whole Earth Brands common stock and 5,263,500 private placement warrants (the “Private Warrants”) exercisable for 2,631,750 shares of Whole Earth Brands common stock to certain investors. On the date of Closing, the Company’s common stock and warrants began trading on The Nasdaq Stock Market under the symbols “FREE” and “FREEW,” respectively.

As a result of the Business Combination, for accounting purposes, Act II was deemed to be the acquirer and Mafco Worldwide and Merisant Company were deemed to be the acquired parties.

Basis of Presentation—The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”) for interim financial reporting. The balance sheet data as of December 31, 2022 was derived from the audited consolidated financial statements. These unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the Company’s audited consolidated and combined financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2022 included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K.

In the opinion of management, the financial statements contain all adjustments necessary to state fairly the financial position of the Company as of September 30, 2023 and the results of operations and cash flows for all periods presented. All adjustments in the accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements, which management believes are necessary to state fairly the financial position, results of operations and cash flows, have been reflected and are of a normal recurring nature. Results of operations for interim periods are not necessarily indicative of results to be expected for the full year.

Principles of Consolidation—The condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Whole Earth Brands, Inc., and its indirect and wholly owned subsidiaries. All significant intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

Use of Estimates—The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes. Actual results could differ from these estimates.

Reclassifications—Certain previously reported amounts have been reclassified to conform to the current presentation.

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Whole Earth Brands, Inc.

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements—The Company qualifies as an emerging growth company (an “EGC”) and as such, has elected the extended transition period for complying with certain new or revised accounting pronouncements. During the extended transition period, the Company is not subject to certain new or revised accounting standards applicable to public companies.

In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13, “Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (Topic 326).” The standard requires entities to estimate losses on financial assets measured at amortized cost, including trade receivables, debt securities and loans, using an expected credit loss model. The expected credit loss model should consider reasonable and supportable forecasts in addition to the previously considered past events and current conditions. This guidance also includes enhanced requirements for disclosures related to credit loss estimates. Entities must apply the standard provision as a cumulative-effect adjustment to retained earnings as of the beginning of the first reporting period in which the guidance is effective. The Company adopted this standard on January 1, 2023. The adoption of this standard did not have a material impact on the Company’s unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and related disclosures and a cumulative-effect adjustment was not deemed necessary.

Warrant Liabilities—The Company accounts for the Private Warrants in accordance with ASC Topic 815, “Derivatives and Hedging.” Under the guidance contained in ASC Topic 815-40, the Private Warrants do not meet the criteria for equity treatment and must be recorded as liabilities. Accordingly, the Company classifies the Private Warrants as liabilities at their fair value and adjusts the warrants to fair value at each reporting period. The liability is subject to re-measurement at each balance sheet date, and any change in fair value is recognized in the Company’s statement of operations.

Derivative Instruments—The Company’s earnings and cash flows are subject to fluctuations due to changes in interest rates. The Company uses derivative financial instruments, including interest rate swaps, to manage interest rate exposures and hedge the variability of interest payments on future debt obligations. The Company does not use derivative financial instruments for trading or speculative purposes.

The Company formally documents all relationships between hedging instruments and hedged items, as well as the risk management objective and strategy for undertaking hedge transactions. This process includes linking the derivatives designated as cash flow hedges to specific forecasted transactions or variability of cash flows. The Company also formally assesses, both at the inception of a hedge transaction and on an ongoing basis, whether the designated derivatives that are used in hedging transactions are highly effective in offsetting changes in the cash flow of the hedged items as well as monitors the credit worthiness of the counterparties to ensure no issues exist which would affect the value of the derivatives. When a derivative is determined not to be highly effective as a hedge or the underlying hedged transaction is no longer probable, the Company discontinues hedge accounting prospectively and reclassifies any hedge related gains or losses previously recorded in other comprehensive income (loss) to other expense (income) within the statement of operations.

To the extent the hedge is effective, the Company records derivative financial instruments at fair value in its condensed consolidated balance sheet and changes in the fair value are recorded in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) and reclassified to earnings when the hedged item affects earnings. Cash flows from derivative instruments are classified in the condensed consolidated statements of cash flows based on the nature of the derivative contract. Additional information pertaining to the Company’s derivative instruments is provided in Note 7.

No other significant accounting policies and estimates have changed from those detailed in Note 1 to the Company’s audited consolidated and combined financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2022.

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Whole Earth Brands, Inc.

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

NOTE 2: BUSINESS COMBINATION

On December 17, 2020, the Company entered into a stock purchase agreement (the “Wholesome Purchase Agreement”) with WSO Investments, Inc. (“WSO Investments” and together with its subsidiaries, “Wholesome” and affiliates). WSO Investments is the direct parent of its wholly-owned subsidiary Wholesome Sweeteners, Incorporated, which was formed to import, market, distribute, and sell organic sugars, unrefined specialty sugars, and related products. Wholesome is included within the Company’s Branded CPG reportable segment. Wholesome’s results are included in the Company’s consolidated statement of operations from the date of acquisition.

On February 5, 2021, pursuant to the terms of the Wholesome Purchase Agreement, the Company purchased and acquired all of the issued and outstanding shares of capital stock for an initial cash purchase price of $180 million plus up to an additional $55 million (the “Earn-Out Amount”) upon the satisfaction of certain post-closing financial metrics. Subject to the terms and conditions of the Wholesome Purchase Agreement, payment of the Earn-Out Amount, in whole or in part, was subject to Wholesome achieving certain EBITDA thresholds at or above approximately $30 million during the period beginning August 29, 2020, and ending December 31, 2021 (the “Earn-Out Period”). A portion of the Earn-Out Amount (up to $27.5 million) could be paid, at the Company’s election, in freely tradeable, registered shares of Company common stock calculated using the 20-day volume weighted average trading price per share as of the date of determination. Calculation of the achievement of the Earn-Out Amount was subject to certain adjustments more thoroughly described in the Wholesome Purchase Agreement.

Following the completion of the Earn-Out Period, the Company determined, in accordance with the terms of the Purchase Agreement, that the sellers were entitled to receive the Earn-Out Amount in full. The Company elected to satisfy part of the Earn-Out Amount in common stock and on February 23, 2022, issued 2,659,574 shares of the Company’s common stock. The remaining $30 million portion of the $55 million Earn-Out Amount was paid in cash which was funded from available capacity under the Company’s revolving credit facility. The settlement of the earn-out resulted in a non-cash gain of $1.1 million that was recorded in the first quarter of 2022 which represents the difference in the value of the common stock issued using the 20-day volume weighted average trading price per share as compared to the trading price on the date of issuance.

NOTE 3: INVENTORIES

Inventories consisted of the following (in thousands):



	September 30, 2023		December 31, 2022
Raw materials and supplies	$	133,231	$	129,131
Work in process	1,696		1,835
Finished goods	81,876		88,009
Total inventories	$	216,803	$	218,975

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Whole Earth Brands, Inc.

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

NOTE 4: GOODWILL AND OTHER INTANGIBLE ASSETS

Goodwill and other intangible assets consisted of the following (in thousands):



	September 30, 2023						December 31, 2022
	Gross Amount		Accumulated Amortization		Net Amount		Gross Amount		Accumulated Amortization		Net Amount
Other intangible assets subject to amortization
Customer relationships (useful life of 5 to 10 years)	$	105,150	$	(34,921)	$	70,229	$	105,298	$	(26,137)	$	79,161
Tradenames (useful life of 25 years)	170,801		(20,541)		150,260		171,013		(15,498)		155,515
Total	$	275,951	$	(55,462)	220,489		$	276,311	$	(41,635)	234,676
Other intangible assets not subject to amortization
Product formulations					10,700						10,700
Total other intangible assets, net					231,189						245,376
Goodwill					192,506						193,139
Total goodwill and other intangible assets					$	423,695					$	438,515

At September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, goodwill at Branded CPG was $188.9 million and $189.5 million, respectively. At September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, goodwill at Flavors & Ingredients was $3.6 million and $3.7 million, respectively. The change in the goodwill balances is due to fluctuations in foreign exchange rates.

The amortization expense for intangible assets was $4.6 million and $14.0 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, respectively, and $4.6 million and $14.0 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022, respectively.

Amortization expense relating to amortizable intangible assets as of September 30, 2023 for the next five years is expected to be as follows (in thousands):


Remainder of 2023	$	4,718
2024	18,708
2025	18,464
2026	18,234
2027	17,017
2028	15,024

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Whole Earth Brands, Inc.

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

NOTE 5: DEBT

Debt consisted of the following (in thousands):


	September 30, 2023		December 31, 2022
Term loan, due 2028	$	365,625	$	368,438
Revolving credit facility, due 2026	70,000		76,000
Less: current portion	(3,750)		(3,750)
Less: unamortized discount and debt issuance costs	(7,395)		(8,516)
Total long-term debt	$	424,480	$	432,172

Loan Agreement—At both September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the Company’s senior secured loan agreement consisted of a senior secured term loan facility (the “Term Loan Facility”) of $375 million and a revolving credit facility of up to $125 million (the “Revolving Facility,” and together with the Term Loan Facility, the “Credit Facilities”). As of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, term loan borrowings were $358.2 million and $359.9 million, respectively, net of unamortized discount and debt issuance costs of $7.4 million and $8.5 million, respectively. There were $70.0 million and $76.0 million of borrowings under the revolving credit facility as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively. Additionally, as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the Company’s unamortized debt issuance costs related to the revolving credit facility were $1.9 million and $2.0 million, respectively, which are included in other assets in the condensed consolidated balance sheet. As of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, there were $2.8 million and $2.1 million, respectively, of outstanding letters of credit that reduced the Company’s availability under the revolving credit facility. See Note 7 to the Company’s consolidated and combined financial statements in its Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022 for further information and significant terms and conditions associated with the Term Loan Facility and Revolving Facility.

As further described in Note 2, following the completion of the Wholesome Earn-Out Period, the Company determined, in accordance with the terms of the Purchase Agreement, that the sellers were entitled to receive the Earn-Out Amount in full. The Company elected to satisfy part of the Earn-Out Amount in common stock and on February 23, 2022, issued 2,659,574 shares of the Company’s common stock. The remaining $30 million portion of the $55 million Earn-Out Amount was paid in cash which was funded from available capacity under the Company’s revolving credit facility.

On June 15, 2022, the Company and certain of its subsidiaries entered into a first amendment (the “First Amendment”) to the Amended and Restated Loan Agreement dated as of February 5, 2021 (the “Amended and Restated Loan Agreement”). The First Amendment increased the aggregate principal amount of the Revolving Credit Facility from $75 million to $125 million (the “Amended Revolving Credit Facility”) and transitioned from LIBOR to Secured Overnight Financing Rate (“SOFR”) as the benchmark for purposes of calculating interest for all loans outstanding under the Amended and Restated Loan Agreement. At the election of the Company, loans outstanding under the Amended and Restated Loan Agreement will accrue interest at a rate per annum equal to (i) term SOFR plus 0.10%, 0.15%, or 0.25% in case of, respectively, a one-month, three-month, or six-month interest period (“Adjusted Term SOFR”), or (ii) the greater of the prime rate, the federal funds effective rate plus 0.50%, and one-month Adjusted Term SOFR plus 1.00%, in each case plus the applicable margin which is equal to (i) with respect to Amended Revolving Credit Facility and letters of credit, (A) 2.75%, in the case of base rate advances, and (B) 3.75% in the case of SOFR advances, and (ii) with respect to the Term Loan Facility, (A) 3.50%, in the case of base rate advances, and (B) 4.50% in the case of SOFR advances, with a SOFR floor of 1.00%. In connection with the Amendment, the Company paid fees and incurred transaction costs of $0.7 million, all of which was deferred.

The transition to SOFR did not materially impact the interest rates applied to the Company’s borrowings. No other material changes were made to the terms of the Company’s Amended and Restated Loan Agreement as a result of the First Amendment.

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Whole Earth Brands, Inc.

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

On April 24, 2023, the Company and certain of its subsidiaries entered into a second amendment (the “Second Amendment”) to the Amended and Restated Loan Agreement. The Second Amendment changed the maximum consolidated total leverage ratio covenant as follows: (i) the consolidated total leverage ratio will temporarily increase by 0.25 turns for the first quarter of 2023, 0.5 turns on a quarterly basis through the fourth quarter of 2023, and 0.25 turns in the first quarter of 2024; and (ii) beginning in the second quarter of 2024, the consolidated total leverage ratio will return to a level not to exceed 5.5x. No other material changes were made in terms of the Company’s Amended and Restated Agreement as a result of the Second Amendment.

On October 5, 2023, the Company and certain of its subsidiaries entered into a third amendment (the “Third Amendment”) to the Amended and Restated Loan Agreement. The Third Amendment revised a clause in the definition of consolidated EBITDA used for determining compliance with financial covenants effective beginning with the second quarter of 2023 through the first quarter of 2024. The amendment did not impact the calculation of consolidated EBITDA previously determined for the second quarter of 2023.

NOTE 6: WARRANTS

As of the date of the Business Combination, the Company had approximately 20,263,500 warrants outstanding, consisting of (i) 15,000,000 public warrants originally sold as part of the units issued in Act II’s initial public offering (the “Public Warrants”) and (ii) 5,263,500 Private Warrants that were sold by Act II to the PIPE Investors in conjunction with the Business Combination (collectively with the Public Warrants, the “Warrants”). Each warrant is exercisable for one-half of one share of the Company’s common stock at a price of $11.50 per whole share, subject to adjustment. Warrants may only be exercised for a whole number of shares as no fractional shares will be issued. As of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the Company had 20,193,120 and 19,491,320 Public Warrants outstanding, respectively, and 70,180 and 771,980 Private Warrants outstanding, respectively. There were no Warrants exercised for shares of the Company’s common stock in the nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022.

NOTE 7: FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS

The Company measures and records in its consolidated financial statements certain assets and liabilities at fair value. ASC Topic 820 “Fair Value Measurement and Disclosures,” establishes a fair value hierarchy for instruments measured at fair value that distinguishes between assumptions based on market data (observable inputs) and the Company’s own assumptions (unobservable inputs). This hierarchy consists of the following three levels:

•Level 1 – Assets and liabilities whose values are based on unadjusted quoted prices for identical assets or liabilities in an active market.

•Level 2 – Assets and liabilities whose values are based on inputs other than those included in Level 1, including quoted market prices in markets that are not active; quoted prices of assets or liabilities with similar attributes in active markets; or valuation models whose inputs are observable or unobservable but corroborated by market data.

•Level 3 – Assets and liabilities whose values are based on valuation models or pricing techniques that utilize unobservable inputs that are significant to the overall fair value measurement.

On June 9, 2023, the Company entered into an interest rate swap with a notional value of $183.3 million that matures on February 5, 2026 to exchange variable for fixed rate interest payments related to the Term Loan Facility. The effective date of the interest rate swap was June 30, 2023. The interest rate swap is designated as a cash flow hedge and is considered highly effective. As a result, no ineffectiveness has been recognized in the condensed consolidated statement of operations during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023. As of September 30, 2023, the fair value of the interest rate swap was recorded in other assets in the condensed consolidated balance sheet in the amount of approximately $2.0 million with the unrealized gain recognized in other comprehensive income (loss). The change in fair value will subsequently be reclassified from other comprehensive income (loss) to interest expense, net in the periods when the hedge transaction affects earnings. Realized gains, net of tax of $0.3 million were reclassified to net income in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023. As of September 30, 2023, the Company expects approximately $1.9 million of the unrealized gain to be reclassified from other comprehensive income (loss) to interest expense, net over the next twelve months. The interest rate swap fair value is considered Level 2 within the fair value hierarchy as it includes quoted market prices for similar instruments as well as interest rates and yield curves that are observable in the market.

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Whole Earth Brands, Inc.

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

Certain assets are measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis; that is, the instruments are not measured at fair value on an ongoing basis but are subject to fair value adjustments in certain circumstances (for example, when there is evidence of impairment).

Current Assets and Other Financial Assets and Liabilities—Cash and cash equivalents, trade accounts receivable and trade accounts payable are measured at carrying value, which approximates fair value because of the short-term maturities of these instruments.

Investment in securities—The Company has assets in an investment fund that holds surplus funds from its terminated qualified pension plan that will be used to fund future contributions to the defined contribution plan at Flavors & Ingredients and is presented in other assets in the condensed consolidated balance sheet. The investment is classified as available-for-sale and carried at fair market value. At September 30, 2023, both the estimated fair value and cost basis of the investment fund was $2.3 million and utilized Level 2 inputs.

Debt—The Company measures its term loan and revolving facilities at original carrying value, net of unamortized deferred financing costs and fees. At September 30, 2023, the estimated fair value of the term loan was $332.7 million as compared to a carrying value of $358.2 million. At December 31, 2022, the estimated fair value of the term loan was $338.0 million as compared to a carrying value of $359.9 million. The estimated fair value of the outstanding principal balance of the term loan utilized Level 2 inputs as it is based on quoted market prices for identical or similar instruments. The fair value of the revolving facility at both September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022 approximated carrying value.

NOTE 8: COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES

The Company is subject to various claims, pending and possible legal actions for product liability and other damages, and other matters arising out of the conduct of the business. The Company believes, based on current knowledge and consultation with counsel, that the outcome of such claims and actions will not have a material adverse effect on the Company’s condensed consolidated financial position or results of operations.

NOTE 9: INCOME TAXES

The Company’s provision for income taxes consists of U.S., state and local, and foreign taxes. The Company has significant operations in various locations outside the U.S. The annual effective tax rate is a composite rate reflecting the earnings in the various locations at their applicable statutory tax rates.

The Company’s income tax provision was $0.5 million for the three months ended September 30, 2023, which includes a discrete tax benefit of $0.6 million related primarily to the finalization of the Company’s 2022 U.S. federal tax return and certain foreign tax returns during the quarter ended September 30, 2023. The effective tax rate for the three months ended September 30, 2023 was (10.7%) on a pre-tax loss of $4.9 million. The effective tax rate differs from the statutory federal rate of 21% primarily due to an increase in the valuation allowance related to interest expense for which deductibility is limited under IRC §163(j), foreign income at different rates, non-deductible permanent differences, state and local taxes, and the U.S. tax effect of international operations including Global Intangible Low-Taxed Income (“GILTI”) recorded during the period, partially offset with the discrete tax benefit described above.

The Company’s income tax provision was $9.2 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2023, which includes a discrete tax provision of $0.6 million primarily related to tax expense for a shortfall of the tax benefits on stock-based awards that have vested and the remeasurement of state deferred tax assets as a result of state law changes enacted during the first nine months of 2023, offset by the $0.6 million tax benefit related to the finalization of the Company’s 2022 U.S. federal tax return and foreign tax returns during the quarter ended September 30, 2023. The effective tax rate for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 was (43.0%) on a pre-tax loss of $21.5 million which differs from the statutory federal rate of 21% primarily due to an increase in the valuation allowance related to interest expense for which deductibility is limited under IRC §163(j), foreign income at different rates, non-deductible permanent differences, state and local taxes, the U.S. tax effect of international operations including GILTI recorded during the period, and the discrete tax provision described above.

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Whole Earth Brands, Inc.

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

The Company’s income tax provision was $1.4 million for the three months ended September 30, 2022, which includes a discrete tax provision of $0.4 million related primarily to the finalization of the Company’s 2021 U.S. federal and state tax returns during the quarter ended September 30, 2022. The effective tax rate for the three months ended September 30, 2022 was (126.3%) on pre-tax loss of $1.1 million which differs from the statutory federal rate of 21% primarily due to state and local taxes, non-deductible permanent differences, limited benefit on current year interest deductions and losses in certain jurisdictions, the change in the fair value of warrant liabilities, foreign income at different rates and the U.S. tax effect of international operations including GILTI recorded during the period, and the discrete tax provision described above.

The Company’s income tax provision was $3.4 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2022, which includes a discrete tax provision of $0.5 million related primarily to the finalization of the Company’s 2021 U.S. federal and state tax returns during the quarter ended September 30, 2022. The effective tax rate for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 was an income tax provision of 68.7% on pre-tax income of $4.9 million which differs from the statutory federal rate of 21% primarily due to state and local taxes, non-deductible permanent differences, limited benefit on current year interest deductions and losses in certain jurisdictions, the change in the fair value of warrant liabilities, foreign income at different rates and the U.S. tax effect of international operations including GILTI recorded during the period, and the discrete tax provision described above.

At both September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the Company had an uncertain tax position liability of $0.2 million, including interest and penalties. The unrecognized tax benefits include amounts related primarily to various state tax issues.

NOTE 10: STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION

On June 24, 2020, the Whole Earth Brands, Inc. 2020 Long-Term Incentive Plan (the “2020 Plan”) was approved for the purpose of promoting the long-term financial interests and growth of the Company and its subsidiaries by attracting and retaining management and other personnel and key service providers. On June 8, 2023, the Company’s stockholders’ approved the Amended and Restated Whole Earth Brands, Inc. 2020 Long-Term Incentive Plan (the “Amended 2020 Plan”), which increased the number of shares authorized under the Amended 2020 Plan by 4,000,000 shares. Subsequent to the amendment and restatement, an aggregate of 13,300,000 shares of common stock are authorized for issuance under the Amended 2020 Plan. The Plan provides for the granting of stock options (“SOs”), stock appreciation rights (“SARs”), restricted stock awards (“RSAs”), restricted stock units (“RSUs”), performance shares, performance share units (“PSUs”) and other stock-based awards to officers, employees and non-employee directors of, and certain other service providers to, the Company and its subsidiaries. These awards are settled in shares of the Company’s stock and therefore classified as equity awards.

RSUs generally vest ratably on the anniversary of the grant date over a period of one to three years, depending on the specific terms of each RSU agreement.

PSU awards generally cliff vest subsequent to the completion of the cumulative three-year performance period, depending on the period specified in each respective PSU agreement. The number of PSUs that ultimately vest depends on the Company’s performance relative to specified cumulative financial targets established for each grant and are expected to be settled in stock.

Stock-based compensation expense for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 was $2.5 million and $7.3 million, respectively. Stock-based compensation expense for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022 was $1.7 million and $5.0 million, respectively.

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Whole Earth Brands, Inc.

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

A summary of activity and weighted average fair values related to the RSUs is as follows:


	Nine Months Ended September 30, 2023
	Shares	Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value (per share)
Outstanding at December 31, 2022	1,538,759	$	6.65
Granted	3,014,658	2.56
Vested	(1,205,687)	6.29
Forfeited	(361,178)	3.99
Outstanding and nonvested at September 30, 2023	2,986,552	$	3.02

A summary of activity and weighted average fair values related to the RSAs is as follows:


	Nine Months Ended September 30, 2023
	Shares	Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value (per share)
Outstanding at December 31, 2022	131,470	$	8.75
Granted	141,280	4.07
Vested	(14,862)	8.75

Outstanding and nonvested at September 30, 2023	257,888	$	6.18

A summary of activity and weighted average fair values related to the PSUs is as follows:


	Nine Months Ended September 30, 2023
	Shares	Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value (per share)
Outstanding at December 31, 2022	631,377	$	8.49
Granted	1,934,388	2.20

Forfeited	(209,885)	4.73
Outstanding and nonvested at September 30, 2023	2,355,880	$	3.66

As of September 30, 2023, the Company had not yet recognized compensation costs on nonvested awards as follows (in thousands):


	Unrecognized Compensation Cost		Weighted Avg. Remaining Recognition Period (in years)
Nonvested awards	$	9,976	1.33

The nonvested awards excludes unvested PSUs that are deemed not probable of vesting constituting $4.7 million of unrecognized compensation expense at September 30, 2023.

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Whole Earth Brands, Inc.

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

NOTE 11: EARNINGS PER SHARE

Basic earnings (loss) per common share (“EPS”) is calculated by dividing net income (loss) by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding for the period. Warrants issued are not considered outstanding at the date of issuance. RSUs and RSAs also are not considered outstanding until they have vested. Contingently issuable shares associated with outstanding PSUs that have cliff vesting based on achievement of a performance condition were not included in the earnings per share calculations for the periods presented as the applicable vesting conditions had not been satisfied.

Diluted EPS is calculated by dividing net income (loss) by the weighted average shares outstanding assuming dilution. Dilutive common shares outstanding is computed using the treasury stock method and reflects the additional shares that would be outstanding if dilutive warrants were exercised and restricted stock units and restricted stock awards were settled for common shares during the period.

For warrants that are liability-classified, during the periods when the impact would be dilutive, the Company assumes share settlement of the instruments as of the beginning of the reporting period and adjusts the numerator to remove the change in the fair value of warrant liability and adjusts the denominator to include the dilutive shares using the treasury stock method.

The computation of basic and diluted earnings (loss) per common share is shown below (in thousands, except for share and per share data):


	Three Months Ended				Nine Months Ended
	September 30, 2023		September 30, 2022		September 30, 2023		September 30, 2022
EPS numerator:
Net (loss) income attributable to common shareholders	$	(5,430)	$	(2,521)	$	(30,744)	$	1,531



EPS denominator:
Weighted average shares outstanding - basic	42,683,990		41,976,865		42,361,816		41,311,366
Effect of dilutive securities	—		—		—		17,719
Weighted average shares outstanding - diluted	42,683,990		41,976,865		42,361,816		41,329,085

Net (loss) earnings per share:
Basic	$	(0.13)	$	(0.06)	$	(0.73)	$	0.04
Diluted	$	(0.13)	$	(0.06)	$	(0.73)	$	0.04

For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, 20,263,300 warrants, 2,986,552 RSUs, and 257,888 RSAs were excluded from the diluted EPS calculation because they were determined to be anti-dilutive. For the three months ended September 30, 2022, 20,263,300 warrants, 1,937,099 RSUs, and 131,470 RSAs were excluded from the diluted EPS calculation because they were determined to be anti-dilutive. For the nine months ended September 30, 2022, 20,263,300 warrants and 1,937,099 RSUs were excluded from the diluted EPS calculation because they were determined to be anti-dilutive. Additionally, at September 30, 2023 and 2022, 2,355,880 and 784,822 PSUs, respectively, were excluded from the diluted EPS calculation because they are subject to performance conditions that were not satisfied.

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Whole Earth Brands, Inc.

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

NOTE 12: ACCUMULATED OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)

The following table summarizes accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) (“AOCI”), net of taxes, by component (in thousands):


	Net Currency Translation Gains (Losses)		Cash Flow Hedges		Funded Status of Benefit Plans		Total Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)
Balance at December 31, 2021	$	8,758	$	—	$	929	$	9,687
Other comprehensive loss before reclassifications	(2,003)		—		—		(2,003)
Amounts reclassified from AOCI	—		—		(224)		(224)
Balance at March 31, 2022	6,755		—		705		7,460
Other comprehensive loss before reclassifications	(14,848)		—		—		(14,848)
Amounts reclassified from AOCI	—		—		17		17
Balance at June 30, 2022	(8,093)		—		722		(7,371)
Other comprehensive loss before reclassifications	(13,522)		—		—		(13,522)
Amounts reclassified from AOCI	—		—		21		21
Balance at September 30, 2022	$	(21,615)	$	—	$	743	$	(20,872)

Balance at December 31, 2022	$	(4,711)	$	—	$	3,669	$	(1,042)
Other comprehensive income before reclassifications	4,416		—		—		4,416
Amounts reclassified from AOCI	—		—		(12)		(12)
Balance at March 31, 2023	(295)		—		3,657		3,362
Other comprehensive (loss) income before reclassifications	(2,371)		655		—		(1,716)
Amounts reclassified from AOCI	—		—		(11)		(11)
Balance at June 30, 2023	(2,666)		655		3,646		1,635
Other comprehensive (loss) income before reclassifications	(5,140)		1,149		—		(3,991)
Amounts reclassified from AOCI	—		(339)		(12)		(351)
Balance at September 30, 2023	$	(7,806)	$	1,465	$	3,634	$	(2,707)

NOTE 13: RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS

In December 2019, Wholesome entered into a partnership agreement to form WS Services, LLC (“WS Services”), in which Wholesome received a 50% interest and accounts for the partnership as an equity method investment. Wholesome’s investment in the partnership, which is classified as other assets in the condensed consolidated balance sheet, was $0.7 million as of both September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, the Company expensed $0.1 million, $0.5 million, $0.2 million, and $0.7 million respectively, related to costs incurred by WS Services for Wholesome’s use of a warehouse space for storage of raw materials. The Company has a liability to WS Services of approximately $0.1 million as of both September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022.

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Whole Earth Brands, Inc.

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(Unaudited)

NOTE 14: BUSINESS SEGMENTS

The Company has two reportable segments: Branded CPG and Flavors & Ingredients. In addition, the Company’s corporate office functions are reported and included under Corporate. Corporate is not a reportable or operating segment but is included for reconciliation purposes and includes the costs for the corporate office administrative activities as well as transaction-related and other costs. The Company does not present assets by reportable segments as they are not reviewed by the Chief Operating Decision Maker for purposes of assessing segment performance and allocating resources.

The following table presents selected financial information relating to the Company’s business segments (in thousands):


	Three Months Ended				Nine Months Ended
	September 30, 2023		September 30, 2022		September 30, 2023		September 30, 2022
Product revenues, net
Branded CPG	$	103,270	$	105,373	$	307,581	$	313,207
Flavors & Ingredients	31,160		29,907		92,168		86,168
Total product revenues, net	$	134,430	$	135,280	$	399,749	$	399,375

Operating income
Branded CPG	$	7,202	$	5,518	$	7,820	$	17,555
Flavors & Ingredients	8,448		7,287		26,989		24,137
	15,650		12,805		34,809		41,692
Corporate	(8,989)		(5,983)		(22,098)		(20,115)
Total operating income	$	6,661	$	6,822	$	12,711	$	21,577

The following table presents disaggregated revenue information for the Company (in thousands):


	Three Months Ended				Nine Months Ended
	September 30, 2023		September 30, 2022		September 30, 2023		September 30, 2022
Branded CPG:
North America	$	73,785	$	75,823	$	217,146	$	220,071
Europe	17,326		15,223		52,986		51,479
India, Middle East and Africa	2,925		4,526		10,064		13,007
Asia-Pacific	5,207		5,607		16,519		17,650
Latin America	4,027		4,194		10,866		11,000
Flavors & Ingredients	31,160		29,907		92,168		86,168
Total product revenues, net	$	134,430	$	135,280	$	399,749	$	399,375

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Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

The following discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations should be read together with our consolidated financial statements and related notes included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022 (“Annual Report”) and our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and the related notes appearing elsewhere in this Quarterly Report.

Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements

This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”) and Section 21E of the Exchange Act (the “Exchange Act”) concerning us and other matters. These statements may discuss goals, intentions and expectations as to future plans, trends, events, results of operations or financial condition, or otherwise, based on current beliefs of management, as well as assumptions made by, and information currently available to, management.

Forward-looking statements may be accompanied by words such as “achieve,” “aim,” “anticipate,” “believe,” “can,” “continue,” “could,” “drive,” “estimate,” “expect,” “forecast,” “future,” “grow,” “improve,” “increase,” “intend,” “may,” “outlook,” “plan,” “possible,” “potential,” “predict,” “project,” “should,” “target,” “will,” “would,” or similar words, phrases or expressions. These forward-looking statements are subject to risks, uncertainties and other factors, many of which are outside of our control, which could cause actual results to differ materially from the results contemplated by the forward-looking statements. Factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from those in the forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to, our ability to achieve or maintain profitability; the extent of the continued impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, and any recurrence of the COVID-19 pandemic, local, regional, national, and international economic conditions that have deteriorated as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic including the risks of a global recession or a recession in one or more of our key markets, and the impact they may have on us and our customers and management’s assessment of that impact; inflation and the Company’s ability to offset rising costs through pricing and productivity effectively; the projected financial information, anticipated growth rate, and market opportunity of our Branded CPG and Flavors & Ingredients business segments; the ability to maintain the listing of our securities on Nasdaq; the potential liquidity and trading of our public securities; our expected capital requirements and the availability of additional financing; our ability to attract or retain highly qualified personnel, including in accounting and finance roles; extensive and evolving government regulations that impact the way we operate; the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on our suppliers, including disruptions and inefficiencies in the supply chain; factors relating to the business, operations and financial performance of our Branded CPG and Flavors & Ingredients segments; our ability to integrate our acquisitions and achieve the anticipated benefits of the transactions in a timely manner or at all; the ongoing conflicts in Ukraine and the Middle East and related economic disruptions and new governmental regulations on our business, including but not limited to the potential impact on our sales, operations and supply chain; adverse changes in the global or regional general business, political and economic conditions, including the impact of continuing uncertainty and instability in certain countries, that could materially affect our global markets and the potential adverse economic impact and related uncertainty caused by these items; our ability to continue to use, maintain, enforce, protect and defend owned and licensed intellectual property, including the Whole Earth® brand; and such other factors as discussed throughout, including in Part I, Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations and in Part II, Item 1A. Risk Factors of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

Although we believe that the expectations reflected in the forward-looking statements are reasonable, our information may be incomplete or limited, and we cannot guarantee future results. Except as required by law, we assume no obligation to update or revise these forward-looking statements for any reason, even if new information becomes available in the future.

Overview

We are a global food company enabling healthier lifestyles and providing access to high-quality, plant-based sweeteners, flavor enhancers and other foods through our diverse portfolio of trusted brands and delicious products. We operate a proven platform organized into two reportable segments.

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•Branded CPG, comprised of our Merisant division of operating companies, Wholesome and Swerve, is a global CPG business focused on building a branded portfolio oriented toward serving customers seeking better-for-you sweeteners across the zero calorie, plant-based, organic, non GMO, and Fair Trade spaces in zero/low calorie sweeteners, honey, agave and baking mix segments. Our Branded CPG products are sold under both our flagship brands, as well as local and private label brands. Our global flagship brands include Whole Earth®, Pure Via®, Wholesome®, Swerve®, Canderel®, Equal® and existing branded adjacencies.

•Flavors & Ingredients, comprised of our Mafco Worldwide division of operating companies, is a global, business-to-business focused operation with a long history as a trusted supplier of essential, functional ingredients to some of the CPG industry’s largest and most demanding customers. Our products provide a variety of solutions for our customers including flavor enhancement, flavor / aftertaste masking, moisturizing, product mouthfeel modification and skin soothing characteristics. Our Flavors & Ingredients segment operates our licorice-derived products business.

Acquisition

On December 17, 2020, we entered into a stock purchase agreement (the “Wholesome Purchase Agreement”) with WSO Investments, Inc. (“WSO Investments” and together with its subsidiaries “Wholesome”), WSO Holdings, LP (“WSO Partnership”), Edwards Billington and Son, Limited (“EBS”), WSO Holdings, LLC (“WSO LLC,” and together with WSO Partnership and EBS, the “WSO Sellers”), and WSO Partnership, in its capacity as representative for the WSO Sellers. WSO Investments is the direct parent of its wholly-owned subsidiary Wholesome Sweeteners, Incorporated, which was formed to import, market, distribute, and sell organic sugars, unrefined specialty sugars, and related products.

On February 5, 2021, pursuant to the terms of the Wholesome Purchase Agreement, (i) we purchased and acquired all of the issued and outstanding shares of capital stock of WSO Investments from the WSO Sellers, for (x) an initial cash purchase price of $180 million (subject to customary post-closing adjustments), plus (y) as more thoroughly described below, up to an additional $55 million (the “Earn-Out Amount”) upon the satisfaction of certain post-closing financial metrics by Wholesome; and (ii) WSO Investments became an indirect wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company (collectively, the “Wholesome Transaction”). Subject to the terms and conditions of the Wholesome Purchase Agreement, and as more thoroughly described therein, payment of the Earn-Out Amount, in whole or in part, was subject to Wholesome achieving certain EBITDA thresholds at or above approximately $30 million during the period beginning August 29, 2020, and ending December 31, 2021 (the “Earn-Out Period”). A portion of the Earn-Out Amount (up to $27.5 million) could be paid, at our election, in freely tradeable, registered shares of Company common stock calculated using the 20-day volume weighted average trading price per share as of the date of determination. Calculation of the achievement of the Earn-Out Amount was subject to certain adjustments more thoroughly described in the Wholesome Purchase Agreement.

Following the completion of the Earn-Out Period, we determined, in accordance with the terms of the Purchase Agreement, that the sellers were entitled to receive the Earn-Out Amount in full. We elected to satisfy part of the Earn-Out Amount in common stock and on February 23, 2022, issued 2,659,574 shares of the Company’s common stock. The remaining $30 million portion of the $55 million Earn-Out Amount was paid in cash which was funded from available capacity under our revolving credit facility. The settlement of the earn-out resulted in a non-cash gain of $1.1 million that was recorded in the first quarter of 2022 which represents the difference in the value of the common stock issued using the 20-day volume weighted average trading price per share as compared to the trading price on the date of issuance.

Inflation and Supply Chain Impact

During the nine months ended September 30, 2023, we have experienced inflationary cost increases in raw materials and transportation costs; however, we have recently seen a stabilization in certain of these costs. These cost increases have resulted in, and could continue to result in, negative impacts to our results of operations. However, we continue to monitor the inflationary environment and impacts to our operations and have taken measures to mitigate the impact of these inflationary pressures.

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Other Events

In connection with an ongoing investigation being conducted under the supervision of the Audit Committee of the Company’s Board of Directors (the “Audit Committee”), the Audit Committee, based upon information from independent investigative counsel to the Audit Committee, has determined that the most recent former chief executive officer of the Company, and the most recent former chief financial officer of the Company at the request of such former chief executive officer of the Company, disclosed to representatives of the largest stockholder of the Company material non-public information belonging to the Company without a non-disclosure agreement and in violation of the Company’s internal policies. The Company has received a written Affidavit Certification from such stockholder that, notwithstanding receipt of such material non-public information, such stockholder and its affiliates did not trade in any Company securities, did not direct any other party to trade in any Company securities and did not disclose such material non-public information to any third party, in each case, prior to the public disclosure of such information by the Company.

Notwithstanding the above, we have concluded that the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements included in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q fairly present, in all material respects, our financial position, results of operations and cash flows for the periods presented in conformity with U.S. GAAP.

The Nominating and Governance Committee of the Company’s Board of Directors (the “Nom/Gov Committee”), with input and guidance from the Audit Committee and based upon information from independent investigative counsel to the Audit Committee, is considering appropriate modifications to the Company’s policies and procedures regarding disclosure of the Company’s information; however, following the departure from the Company of its most recent former chief executive officer and most recent former chief financial officer and due to the ongoing nature of the investigation, the Nom/Gov Committee has not yet determined such modifications to the Company’s policies and procedures as of the date of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

Results of Operations

Consolidated


	Three Months Ended						Nine Months Ended
(In thousands)	September 30, 2023		September 30, 2022		Change		September 30, 2023		September 30, 2022		Change
Product revenues, net	$	134,430	$	135,280	-0.6	%	$	399,749	$	399,375	+0.1	%
Cost of goods sold	96,902		100,263		-3.4	%	296,500		287,486		+3.1	%
Gross profit	37,528		35,017		+7.2	%	103,249		111,889		-7.7	%
Selling, general and administrative expenses	26,226		23,566		+11.3	%	76,549		76,314		+0.3	%
Amortization of intangible assets	4,641		4,629		+0.3	%	13,989		13,998		-0.1	%


Operating income	6,661		6,822		-2.4	%	12,711		21,577		-41.1	%
Interest expense, net	(11,117)		(8,214)		+35.3	%	(32,884)		(20,674)		+59.1	%
Other (expense) income, net	(448)		278		*		(1,333)		3,985		*
(Loss) income before income taxes	(4,904)		(1,114)		*		(21,506)		4,888		*
Provision for income taxes	526		1,407		-62.6	%	9,238		3,357		*
Net (loss) income	$	(5,430)	$	(2,521)	*		$	(30,744)	$	1,531	*

* Represents positive or negative change equal to, or in excess of 100%

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Three Months Ended September 30, 2023 Compared to Three Months Ended September 30, 2022

Product revenues, net. Product revenues, net for the three months ended September 30, 2023 were $134.4 million, a decrease of $0.9 million, or 0.6%, from $135.3 million for the three months ended September 30, 2022 due to a $2.1 million decrease in product revenues in the Branded CPG segment, partially offset by a $1.3 million increase in product revenues at Flavors & Ingredients. The decrease in Branded CPG revenues was driven primarily by declines in volume, partially offset by price increases and favorable impacts from foreign exchange, as further discussed below. The increase in Flavors & ingredients revenues was primarily driven by price and volume increases as well as favorable impacts from foreign exchange, as further discussed below.

Cost of goods sold. Cost of goods sold for the three months ended September 30, 2023 was $96.9 million, a decrease of $3.4 million, or 3.4%, from $100.3 million for the three months ended September 30, 2022. The decrease was primarily due to a $1.3 million decrease in duty cost on imported sugar, lower freight costs and a decline in costs associated with the supply chain reinvention at Branded CPG.

Selling, general and administrative expenses. Selling, general and administrative expenses for the three months ended September 30, 2023 were $26.2 million, an increase of $2.7 million, or 11.3%, from $23.6 million for the three months ended September 30, 2022 primarily due to a $2.1 million increase in bonus expense, $0.9 million of costs associated with the Company’s strategic review, a $0.4 million impairment of right-of-use assets associated with a leased Decatur, Alabama facility that is no longer in use, and a $0.5 million increase in stock-based compensation expense, partially offset by a $0.7 million decline in severance and related expenses and a $0.6 million decrease in bad debt expense.

Amortization of intangible assets. Amortization of intangible assets for the three months ended September 30, 2023 was essentially flat compared to the three months ended September 30, 2022.

Interest expense, net. Interest expense, net for the three months ended September 30, 2023 was $11.1 million, an increase of $2.9 million, or 35.3%, from $8.2 million for the three months ended September 30, 2022. The increase was primarily due to higher interest rates for the three months ended September 30, 2023 compared to the three months ended September 30, 2022, partially offset by a realized gain of $0.5 million related to the Company’s interest rate swap.

Other (expense) income, net. Other expense, net for the three months ended September 30, 2023 was $0.4 million compared to other income, net of $0.3 million for the three months ended September 30, 2022. The third quarter of 2023 primarily reflected foreign exchange losses, partially offset by income from our equity method investments. The prior year period primarily included foreign exchange gains as well as income from our equity method investments.

Provision for income taxes. The provision for income taxes for the three months ended September 30, 2023 was $0.5 million, which includes a discrete tax benefit of $0.6 million related primarily to the finalization of the Company’s 2022 U.S. federal tax return and certain foreign tax returns during the quarter ended September 30, 2023. The provision for income taxes for the three months ended September 30, 2022 was $1.4 million, which includes a discrete tax provision of $0.4 million related primarily to the finalization of the Company’s 2021 U.S. federal and state tax returns. The effective tax rate for the three months ended September 30, 2023 was (10.7%), compared to (126.3)% for the three months ended September 30, 2022. The effective tax rate for the three months ended September 30, 2023 differs from the statutory federal rate of 21% primarily due to an increase in the valuation allowance related to interest expense for which deductibility is limited under IRC §163(j), foreign income at different rates, non-deductible permanent differences, state and local taxes, and the U.S. tax effect of international operations including Global Intangible Low-Taxed Income (“GILTI”) recorded during the period, partially offset with the discrete tax benefit described above. The effective tax rate for the three months ended September 30, 2022 differs from the statutory federal rate of 21% primarily due to state and local taxes, non-deductible permanent differences, limited benefit on current year interest deductions and losses in certain jurisdictions, the change in the fair value of warrant liabilities, foreign income at different rates, the U.S. tax effect of international operations including GILTI recorded during the period, and the discrete tax provision.

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Nine Months Ended September 30, 2023 Compared to Nine Months Ended September 30, 2022

Product revenues, net. Product revenues, net for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 were $399.7 million, an increase of $0.4 million, or 0.1%, from $399.4 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2022. The increase was primarily due to a $6.0 million increase in product revenues at Flavors & Ingredients, partially offset by a $5.6 million decrease in product revenues in the Branded CPG segment. The increase in Flavors & Ingredients revenues was primarily driven by pricing and volume increases, partially offset by unfavorable impacts of foreign exchange, as further discussed below. The decrease in Branded CPG revenues was primarily due to declines in volume and unfavorable impacts from foreign currency exchange, partially offset by price increases, as further discussed below.

Cost of goods sold. Cost of goods sold for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 was $296.5 million, an increase of $9.0 million, or 3.1%, from $287.5 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2022. The increase was primarily due to higher raw materials costs due to inflationary pressures and the sale of higher cost inventory resulting from increased freight and warehousing costs, as well as $2.5 million of favorable purchase accounting adjustments related to inventory revaluations that did not reoccur in the current year as all inventory revaluation purchase accounting adjustments were fully amortized as of June 30, 2022, partially offset by a decline in costs associated with the supply chain reinvention at Branded CPG.

Selling, general and administrative expenses. Selling, general and administrative expenses for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 was $76.5 million, an increase of $0.2 million, or 0.3%, from $76.3 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 primarily due to a $2.4 million increase in stock-based compensation expense, a $1.3 million impairment of fixed assets related to idled production lines and a $0.4 million right-of-use lease asset impairment both related to our Decatur, Alabama operation that has been shut down, $1.0 million of costs associated with the Company’s strategic review, and a $0.4 million increase in amortization of capitalized software implementation costs, largely offset by a $2.1 million decline in bonus expense, which includes a favorable adjustment to prior year bonus accruals, a $1.5 million decrease in commissions expense, a $1.0 million decrease in salary expense and a $0.7 million decline in acquisition-related transaction expenses that did not reoccur in 2023.

Amortization of intangible assets. Amortization of intangible assets for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 was essentially flat compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2022.

Interest expense, net. Interest expense, net for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 was $32.9 million, an increase of $12.2 million, or 59.1%, from $20.7 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2022. The increase was primarily due to higher interest rates for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2022, partially offset by a realized gain of $0.5 million related to the Company’s interest rate swap.

Other (expense) income, net. Other expense, net for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 was $1.3 million compared to other income, net of $4.0 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2022. The $5.3 million change was largely due to a $2.9 million change in foreign exchange as a result of losses in 2023 compared to gains in 2022, and a $1.2 million decrease in the change in fair value of warrant liabilities. Additionally, the prior year period included a $1.1 million non-cash gain related to the settlement of the Wholesome acquisition earn-out.

Provision for income taxes. The provision for income taxes for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 was $9.2 million, which includes a discrete tax provision of $0.6 million, primarily related to tax expense for a shortfall of the tax benefits on stock-based awards that have vested and the remeasurement of state deferred tax assets as a result of state law changes enacted during the first nine months of 2023, offset by the $0.6 million tax benefit related to the finalization of the Company’s 2022 U.S. federal tax return and certain foreign tax returns during the quarter ended September 30, 2023. The provision for income taxes for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 was $3.4 million, which includes a discrete tax provision of $0.5 million, related primarily to the finalization of the Company’s 2021 U.S. federal and state tax returns during the quarter. The effective tax rate for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 was (43.0)%, compared to 68.7% for the nine months ended September 30, 2022. The effective tax rate for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 differs from the statutory federal rate of 21% primarily due to an increase in the valuation allowance related to interest expense for which deductibility is limited under IRC §163(j), foreign income at different rates, non-deductible permanent differences, state and local taxes, and the U.S. tax effect of international operations including GILTI recorded during the period. The effective tax rate for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 differs from the statutory federal rate of 21% primarily due to state and local taxes, non-deductible permanent differences, limited benefit on current year interest deductions and losses in certain jurisdictions, the change in the fair value of warrant liabilities, foreign income at different rates and the U.S. tax effect of international operations including GILTI recorded during the period, and the discrete tax provision.

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Branded CPG


	Three Months Ended						Nine Months Ended
(In thousands)	September 30, 2023		September 30, 2022		Change		September 30, 2023		September 30, 2022		Change
Product revenues, net	$	103,270	$	105,373	-2.0	%	$	307,581	$	313,207	-1.8	%
Operating income	$	7,202	$	5,518	+30.5	%	$	7,820	$	17,555	-55.5	%

Three Months Ended September 30, 2023 Compared to Three Months Ended September 30, 2022

Segment product revenues, net. Product revenues, net for Branded CPG for the three months ended September 30, 2023 were $103.3 million, a decrease of $2.1 million, or 2.0%, from $105.4 million for the three months ended September 30, 2022, driven by a $8.1 million decline due to lower volumes, partially offset by a $5.0 million increase in sales primarily due to higher pricing and a $1.0 million favorable impact of foreign currency exchange.

Segment operating income. Operating income for Branded CPG for the three months ended September 30, 2023 was $7.2 million, an increase of $1.7 million, or 30.5%, from $5.5 million for the three months ended September 30, 2022, primarily due to a decline in costs associated with the supply chain reinvention of $2.5 million and a $1.3 million decrease in duty cost on imported sugar, partially offset by a $1.6 million increase in bonus expense and a $0.4 million right-of-use asset impairment associated with a leased Decatur, Alabama facility that is no longer in use and the impact of lower sales.

Nine Months Ended September 30, 2023 Compared to Nine Months Ended September 30, 2022

Segment product revenues, net. Product revenues, net for Branded CPG for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 were $307.6 million, a decrease of $5.6 million, or 1.8%, from $313.2 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2022, primarily due to a $23.9 million decline due to lower volumes and a $1.0 million unfavorable impact of foreign currency exchange, partially offset by a $19.2 million increase in sales primarily due to higher pricing.

Segment operating income. Operating income for Branded CPG for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 was $7.8 million, a decrease of $9.7 million, or 55.5%, from $17.6 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2022, primarily due to lower sales volume, the sale of higher cost inventory resulting from increased freight and warehousing costs, a $1.3 million impairment of fixed assets related to idled production lines and a $0.4 million right-of-use lease asset impairment both associated with the Decatur, Alabama operation shut down, higher stock-based compensation expense of $1.2 million and a $0.4 million increase in severance and related expenses, partially offset by a $1.1 million decline in bonus expense, which includes a favorable adjustment to prior year bonus accruals, a decline in costs associated with the supply chain reinvention of $0.7 million, and a $1.5 million decrease in commissions expense.

Flavors & Ingredients


	Three Months Ended						Nine Months Ended
(In thousands)	September 30, 2023		September 30, 2022		Change		September 30, 2023		September 30, 2022		Change
Product revenues, net	$	31,160	$	29,907	+4.2	%	$	92,168	$	86,168	+7.0	%
Operating income	$	8,448	$	7,287	+15.9	%	$	26,989	$	24,137	+11.8	%

Three Months Ended September 30, 2023 Compared to Three Months Ended September 30, 2022

Segment product revenues, net. Product revenues, net for Flavors & Ingredients for the three months ended September 30, 2023 were $31.2 million, an increase of $1.3 million, or 4.2%, from $29.9 million for the three months ended September 30, 2022, primarily driven by $0.8 million of price increases, $0.3 million of volume growth and $0.2 million of favorable foreign currency exchange. The volume growth was attributable to increases in licorice extracts and pure derivatives, partially offset by volume declines in our Magnasweet product lines.

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Segment operating income. Operating income for Flavors & Ingredients for the three months ended September 30, 2023 was $8.4 million, an increase of $1.2 million, or 15.9%, from $7.3 million for the three months ended September 30, 2022, primarily due to higher revenues.

Nine Months Ended September 30, 2023 Compared to Nine Months Ended September 30, 2022

Segment product revenues, net. Product revenues, net for Flavors & Ingredients for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 were $92.2 million, an increase of $6.0 million, or 7.0%, from $86.2 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 primarily driven by $4.1 million of price increases and $2.1 million of volume growth, partially offset by $0.2 million of unfavorable foreign currency exchange. The volume growth was attributable to increases in licorice extracts and pure derivatives, partially offset by volume declines in our Magnasweet product lines.

Segment operating income. Operating income for Flavors & Ingredients for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 was $27.0 million, an increase of $2.9 million, or 11.8%, from $24.1 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2022, primarily due to higher revenues and favorable product mix, partially offset by $2.5 million of favorable purchase accounting adjustments related to inventory revaluations that did not reoccur in the current year.

Corporate


	Three Months Ended						Nine Months Ended
(In thousands)	September 30, 2023		September 30, 2022		Change		September 30, 2023		September 30, 2022		Change
Operating loss	$	(8,989)	$	(5,983)	+50.2	%	$	(22,098)	$	(20,115)	+9.9	%

Three Months Ended September 30, 2023 Compared to Three Months Ended September 30, 2022

Operating loss. Operating loss for Corporate for the three months ended September 30, 2023 was $9.0 million, an increase of $3.0 million, or 50.2%, from $6.0 million for the three months ended September 30, 2022, primarily driven by a $1.0 million increase in bonus expense, $0.9 million of costs associated with the Company’s strategic review, a $0.4 million increase in stock-based compensation expense, a $0.3 million increase in amortization of capitalized software implementation costs, and a $0.5 million increase in other professional fees.

Nine Months Ended September 30, 2023 Compared to Nine Months Ended September 30, 2022

Operating loss. Operating loss for Corporate for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 was $22.1 million, an increase of $2.0 million, or 9.9%, from $20.1 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2022, primarily driven by a $1.3 million increase in stock-based compensation expense, $1.0 million of costs associated with the Company’s strategic review, a $0.9 million increase on other professional fees, a $0.4 million increase in amortization of capitalized software implementation costs, and a $0.3 million increase in severance and related expenses, partially offset by a $1.0 million decrease in bonus expense largely due to a favorable adjustment to prior year bonus accruals, and a $0.7 million reduction in salary expense.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

We have historically funded operations with cash flow from operations and, when needed, with borrowings, which are described below.

We believe our sources of liquidity and capital, and our Credit Facilities will be sufficient to finance our continued operations, growth strategy and additional expenses we expect to incur for at least the next twelve months.

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The following table shows summary cash flow information for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 and September 30, 2022 (in thousands):


	Nine Months Ended
	September 30, 2023		September 30, 2022
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities	$	10,615	$	(17,264)
Net cash used in investing activities	(4,094)		(6,897)
Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities	(10,704)		20,524
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents	(244)		(3,813)
Net change in cash and cash equivalents	$	(4,427)	$	(7,450)

Operating activities. Net cash provided by operating activities was $10.6 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 compared to cash used in operating activities of $17.3 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2022. The increase in cash provided by operations was primarily attributable to favorable working capital changes and lower income tax payments, partially offset by higher interest payments during the nine months ended September 30, 2023. Cash paid for income taxes, net of income tax refunds was $3.8 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 compared to $7.5 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2022. Cash paid for interest for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 was $31.3 million compared to $19.2 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2022.

Investing activities. Net cash used in investing activities was $4.1 million and $6.9 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, respectively, and primarily related to capital expenditures.

Financing activities. Net cash used in financing activities was $10.7 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2023 and reflects repayments of the revolving credit facility of $6.0 million, repayments of long-term debt of $2.8 million, payments of $1.4 million for employee tax withholdings related to net share settlements of stock-based awards and payments of debt issuance costs of $0.4 million related to the second amendment of our credit facility. Net cash provided by financing activities was $20.5 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 and reflects $54.0 million of proceeds from the revolving credit facility, repayments of long-term debt of $2.8 million, cash payment for the Wholesome acquisition earn-out of $29.1 million (amount is net of $0.9 million related to transaction bonuses paid in connection with the earn-out and reflected in operating activities), payments of $0.9 million for employee tax withholdings related to net share settlements of stock-based awards and payments of debt issuance costs of $0.7 million.

Debt

As of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, term loan borrowings were $358.2 million and $359.9 million, respectively, net of debt issuance costs of $7.4 million and $8.5 million, respectively. There were $70.0 million and $76.0 million of borrowings under the revolving credit facility as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively. Additionally, as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, unamortized debt issuance costs related to the revolving credit facility were $1.9 million and $2.0 million, respectively, which are included in other assets in the condensed consolidated balance sheet. As of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, there were $2.8 million and $2.1 million, respectively, of outstanding letters of credit that reduced our availability under the revolving credit facility. See Note 7 to our consolidated and combined financial statements in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022 for further information and significant terms and conditions associated with the Term Loan Facility and Revolving Facility.

As further described in Note 2, following the completion of the Wholesome Earn-Out Period, we determined, in accordance with the terms of the Purchase Agreement, that the sellers were entitled to receive the Earn-Out Amount in full. We elected to satisfy part of the Earn-Out Amount in common stock and on February 23, 2022, issued 2,659,574 shares of the Company’s common stock. The remaining $30 million portion of the $55 million Earn-Out Amount was paid in cash which was funded from available capacity under our revolving credit facility.

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On June 15, 2022, we and certain of our subsidiaries entered into a first amendment (the “First Amendment”) to the Amended and Restated Loan Agreement dated as of February 5, 2021 (the “Amended and Restated Loan Agreement”). The First Amendment increased the aggregate principal amount of the Revolving Credit Facility from $75 million to $125 million (the “Amended Revolving Credit Facility”) and transitioned from LIBOR to Secured Overnight Financing Rate (“SOFR”) as the benchmark for purposes of calculating interest for all loans outstanding under the Amended and Restated Loan Agreement. At our election, loans outstanding under the Amended and Restated Loan Agreement will accrue interest at a rate per annum equal to (i) term SOFR plus 0.10%, 0.15%, or 0.25% in case of, respectively, a one-month, three-month, or six-month interest period (“Adjusted Term SOFR”), or (ii) the greater of the prime rate, the federal funds effective rate plus 0.50%, and one-month Adjusted Term SOFR plus 1.00%, in each case plus the applicable margin which is equal to (i) with respect to Amended Revolving Credit Facility and letters of credit, (A) 2.75%, in the case of base rate advances, and (B) 3.75% in the case of SOFR advances, and (ii) with respect to the Term Loan Facility, (A) 3.50%, in the case of base rate advances, and (B) 4.50% in the case of SOFR advances, with a SOFR floor of 1.00%. In connection with the First Amendment, we paid fees and incurred transaction costs of $0.7 million, all of which was deferred.

The transition to SOFR did not materially impact the interest rates applied to our borrowings. No other material changes were made to the terms of our Amended and Restated Loan Agreement as a result of the First Amendment.

On April 24, 2023, we and certain of our subsidiaries entered into a second amendment (the “Second Amendment”) to the Amended and Restated Loan Agreement. The Second Amendment changed the maximum consolidated total leverage ratio covenant as follows: (i) the consolidated total leverage ratio will temporarily increase by 0.25 turns for the first quarter of 2023, 0.5 turns on a quarterly basis through the fourth quarter of 2023, and 0.25 turns in the first quarter of 2024; and (ii) beginning in the second quarter of 2024, the consolidated total leverage ratio will return to a level not to exceed 5.5x. No other material changes were made in terms of our Amended and Restated Loan Agreement as a result of the Second Amendment.

On October 5, 2023, the Company and certain of its subsidiaries entered into a third amendment (the “Third Amendment”) to the Amended and Restated Loan Agreement. The Third Amendment amended and revised a clause in the definition of consolidated EBITDA used for determining compliance with financial covenants effective beginning with the second quarter of 2023 through the first quarter of 2024. The amendment did not impact the calculation of consolidated EBITDA previously determined for the second quarter of 2023.

Critical Accounting Policies and Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements

There have been no changes to critical accounting policies and estimates from those disclosed in our audited consolidated and combined financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2022. For information regarding our critical accounting policies and accounting pronouncements, see our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and the related notes to those statements included under Item 1. hereof and our 2022 Annual Report on Form 10-K.

Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

We are exposed to market risk from changes in interest rates of our variable rate debt under our Loan Agreement, which consists of a Term Loan Facility and a Revolving Credit Facility. At September 30, 2023, we had $365.6 million and $70.0 million of aggregate principal amounts outstanding under our Term Loan Facility and Revolving Credit Facility, respectively.

Loans outstanding under the Term Loan Facility currently accrue interest at a rate per annum equal to 90-day SOFR subject to a floor of 1% plus a margin of 4.50% and the Revolving Credit Facility currently accrues interest at a rate per annum equal to 90-day SOFR plus a margin of 3.75%. Based on the amounts outstanding under the Term Loan Facility and Revolving Credit Facility at September 30, 2023, adding 1% to the applicable interest rate under the Term Loan Facility and Revolving Credit Facility would result in an increase of approximately $4.4 million in our annual interest expense, which may be mitigated by the interest rate swap with a notional value of $183.3 million, as described below.

As discussed in Note 7 to our condensed consolidated financial statements, we are a party to an interest rate swap with a notional value of $183.3 million that involves the exchange of variable for fixed rate interest payments in order to reduce future interest rate volatility of the variable rate interest payments related to the Term Loan Facility. While the current expectation is to maintain the interest rate swap through maturity, due to risks for hedging gains and losses, cash settlement costs or changes to our capital structure, we may not elect to maintain the interest rate swap with respect to our variable rate indebtedness, and any swaps we enter into may not fully mitigate interest rate risk.

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There have been no other significant changes in market risk from those addressed in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022 during the nine months ended September 30, 2023. See the information set forth in Part II, Item 7A, Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk, of the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022.

Item 4. Controls and Procedures

Controls and Procedures

Disclosure controls and procedures are controls and other procedures that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in our reports filed or submitted under the Exchange Act, is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms. Disclosure controls and procedures include, without limitation, controls and procedures designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in our reports filed or submitted under the Exchange Act is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our principal executive officer and principal financial officer to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

As of the end of the period covered by this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, we conducted an evaluation, under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our principal executive officer and principal financial officer, of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Exchange Act). The Company’s management and the principal executive officer and principal financial officer concluded that the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of September 30, 2023.

Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting

There have been no changes in internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the quarter ended September 30, 2023 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

PART II - OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1. Legal Proceedings.

There have been no material developments in our legal proceedings since we filed our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022. Refer to “Part I. Item 3. Legal Proceedings” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022 for additional information regarding legal proceedings.

Item 1A. Risk Factors.

We discuss in our filings with the SEC various risks that may materially affect our business. The materialization of any risks and uncertainties identified in forward-looking statements contained in this report together with those previously disclosed in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022 and our other filings with the SEC or those that are presently unforeseen could result in significant adverse effects on our financial condition, results of operations and cash flows. See “Part 1, Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Forward-looking Statements.” There have been no material changes in the risk factors previously disclosed in the section entitled “Item 1A-Risk Factors” of the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022, including the risk factors incorporated by reference therein.

Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds.

None.

Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities.

None.

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Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures.

Not applicable.

Item 5. Other Information.

None of the Company’s directors or officers adopted or terminated any Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement or non-Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement during the quarter ended September 30, 2023.

Item 6. Exhibits.

The following exhibits are filed as part of, or incorporated by reference into, this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.


No.						Description of Exhibit
3.1						Certificate of Incorporation of Whole Earth Brands, Inc. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 of Whole Earth Brands, Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on June 30, 2020).
3.2						Certificate of Amendment of Certificate of Incorporation of Whole Earth Brands, Inc. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 of Whole Earth Brands, Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on October 12, 2021).
3.3						Bylaws of Whole Earth Brands, Inc. (as amended through June 30, 2021) (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 of Whole Earth Brands, Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on July 1, 2021).
10.1*						Third Amendment to Amended and Restated Loan Agreement, date d as of Oc tober 5 , 2023, by and among Whole Earth Brands, Inc., c ertain domestic subsidiaries thereto, Toronto Dominion (Texas) LLC as admin istrative agent thereunder, and certain lenders signatory thereto.
31.1*						Certification of Principal Executive Officer, pursuant to Exchange Act Rules 13a-14(a) and 15d-14(a), as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
31.2*						Certification of Principal Executive Officer, pursuant to Exchange Act Rules 13a-14(a) and 15d-14(a), as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
31.3*						Certification of Principal Financial Officer, pursuant to Exchange Act Rules 13a-14(a) and 15d-14(a), as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
32.1**						Certification of Principal Executive Officer, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
32.2**						Certification of Principal Executive Officer, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
32.3**						Certification of Principal Financial Officer, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
101.INS*						XBRL Instance Document - the instance document does not appear in the Interactive Data File because its XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL Document
101.SCH*						XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document
101.CAL*						XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document
101.DEF*						XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document
101.LAB*						XBRL Taxonomy Extension Labels Linkbase Document
101.PRE*						XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document
104*						The cover page for the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q has been formatted in Inline XBRL and contained in Exhibit 101


*			Filed herewith.
**			Furnished herewith.

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SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.


	Whole Earth Brands, Inc.

		/s/ Rajnish Ohri
Date: November 9, 2023	Name:	Rajnish Ohri
	Title:	Co-Chief Executive Officer
		(Principal Executive Officer)

		/s/ Jeffrey Robinson
Date: November 9, 2023	Name:	Jeffrey Robinson
	Title:	Co-Chief Executive Officer
		(Principal Executive Officer)

		/s/ Bernardo Fiaux
Date: November 9, 2023	Name:	Bernardo Fiaux
	Title:	Chief Financial Officer
		(Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)